{"id":338,"date":"2020-01-07T11:32:28","date_gmt":"2020-01-07T11:32:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/?p=338"},"modified":"2020-01-07T11:32:30","modified_gmt":"2020-01-07T11:32:30","slug":"arduino-time-with-real-time-clock-rtc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/arduino-time-with-real-time-clock-rtc\/","title":{"rendered":"Arduino time with Real Time Clock (RTC)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>You often need a time for a project. Maybe you want to build an alarm clock or time-controlled electronics. Then you look for the command with which you can read the time and find out that the Arduino board does not provide any time. WT*??? Yes, it is true but help is on the way \u2013 with a Real Time Clock (RTC).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A real time clock is a hardware module with battery and memory. Many of these modules are based on the DS1307 chip. It is addressed via the I2C interface. I use the <a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/36vp3C1\">Tiny RTC module<\/a>* in this example, but a lot of RTCs work with the same code.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Circuit for Arduino time with Real Time Clock (RTC)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"679\" src=\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/arduino-rtc-real-time-clock-1024x679.jpg\" alt=\"Arduino real time clock (RTC) module\" class=\"wp-image-339\" srcset=\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/arduino-rtc-real-time-clock-1024x679.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/arduino-rtc-real-time-clock-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/arduino-rtc-real-time-clock-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/arduino-rtc-real-time-clock.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The RTC module is connected to 5V + and GND. To do this, the I2C pins are connected: SDA to SDA, SCL to SCL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Arduino Code<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To operate the RTC module, you need a program library. To install, in the Arduino software click <em>Sketch > Embed Library > Manage Libraries \u2026<\/em> search for <em>RTC by Makuna<\/em> in the search field. Install the latest version. The sample code can now be found under <em>File > Examples > RTC by Makuna > DS1307_Simple<\/em>. If you use a different module, you must of course open the corresponding example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-\">\/\/ CONNECTIONS:\n\/\/ DS1307 SDA --> SDA\n\/\/ DS1307 SCL --> SCL\n\/\/ DS1307 VCC --> 5v\n\/\/ DS1307 GND --> GND\n\n\/* for software wire use below\n#include &lt;SoftwareWire.h>  \/\/ must be included here so that Arduino library object file references work\n#include &lt;RtcDS1307.h>\n\nSoftwareWire myWire(SDA, SCL);\nRtcDS1307&lt;SoftwareWire> Rtc(myWire);\n for software wire use above *\/\n\n\/* for normal hardware wire use below *\/\n#include &lt;Wire.h> \/\/ must be included here so that Arduino library object file references work\n#include &lt;RtcDS1307.h>\nRtcDS1307&lt;TwoWire> Rtc(Wire);\n\/* for normal hardware wire use above *\/\n\nvoid setup () \n{\n    Serial.begin(57600);\n\n    Serial.print(\"compiled: \");\n    Serial.print(__DATE__);\n    Serial.println(__TIME__);\n\n    \/\/--------RTC SETUP ------------\n    \/\/ if you are using ESP-01 then uncomment the line below to reset the pins to\n    \/\/ the available pins for SDA, SCL\n    \/\/ Wire.begin(0, 2); \/\/ due to limited pins, use pin 0 and 2 for SDA, SCL\n    \n    Rtc.Begin();\n\n    RtcDateTime compiled = RtcDateTime(__DATE__, __TIME__);\n    printDateTime(compiled);\n    Serial.println();\n\n    if (!Rtc.IsDateTimeValid()) \n    {\n        if (Rtc.LastError() != 0)\n        {\n            \/\/ we have a communications error\n            \/\/ see https:\/\/www.arduino.cc\/en\/Reference\/WireEndTransmission for \n            \/\/ what the number means\n            Serial.print(\"RTC communications error = \");\n            Serial.println(Rtc.LastError());\n        }\n        else\n        {\n            \/\/ Common Causes:\n            \/\/    1) first time you ran and the device wasn't running yet\n            \/\/    2) the battery on the device is low or even missing\n\n            Serial.println(\"RTC lost confidence in the DateTime!\");\n            \/\/ following line sets the RTC to the date &amp; time this sketch was compiled\n            \/\/ it will also reset the valid flag internally unless the Rtc device is\n            \/\/ having an issue\n\n            Rtc.SetDateTime(compiled);\n        }\n    }\n\n    if (!Rtc.GetIsRunning())\n    {\n        Serial.println(\"RTC was not actively running, starting now\");\n        Rtc.SetIsRunning(true);\n    }\n\n    RtcDateTime now = Rtc.GetDateTime();\n    if (now &lt; compiled) \n    {\n        Serial.println(\"RTC is older than compile time!  (Updating DateTime)\");\n        Rtc.SetDateTime(compiled);\n    }\n    else if (now > compiled) \n    {\n        Serial.println(\"RTC is newer than compile time. (this is expected)\");\n    }\n    else if (now == compiled) \n    {\n        Serial.println(\"RTC is the same as compile time! (not expected but all is fine)\");\n    }\n\n    \/\/ never assume the Rtc was last configured by you, so\n    \/\/ just clear them to your needed state\n    Rtc.SetSquareWavePin(DS1307SquareWaveOut_Low); \n}\n\nvoid loop () \n{\n    if (!Rtc.IsDateTimeValid()) \n    {\n        if (Rtc.LastError() != 0)\n        {\n            \/\/ we have a communications error\n            \/\/ see https:\/\/www.arduino.cc\/en\/Reference\/WireEndTransmission for \n            \/\/ what the number means\n            Serial.print(\"RTC communications error = \");\n            Serial.println(Rtc.LastError());\n        }\n        else\n        {\n            \/\/ Common Causes:\n            \/\/    1) the battery on the device is low or even missing and the power line was disconnected\n            Serial.println(\"RTC lost confidence in the DateTime!\");\n        }\n    }\n\n    RtcDateTime now = Rtc.GetDateTime();\n\n    printDateTime(now);\n    Serial.println();\n\n    delay(10000); \/\/ ten seconds\n}\n\n#define countof(a) (sizeof(a) \/ sizeof(a[0]))\n\nvoid printDateTime(const RtcDateTime&amp; dt)\n{\n    char datestring[20];\n\n    snprintf_P(datestring, \n            countof(datestring),\n            PSTR(\"%02u\/%02u\/%04u %02u:%02u:%02u\"),\n            dt.Month(),\n            dt.Day(),\n            dt.Year(),\n            dt.Hour(),\n            dt.Minute(),\n            dt.Second() );\n    Serial.print(datestring);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If you now open the serial monitor, you can see the output of the real-time clock. <strong>Attention<\/strong>, the baud rate of the serial monitor must be set to 57600.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Arduino time with the Real Time Clock (RTC) and LCD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Now I would like to show you how to display the time on an LCD display. To do this, build the following circuit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" src=\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/arduino-rtc-real-time-clock-display-lcd-1024x678.jpg\" alt=\"Arduino real time clock (RTC) module and LCD display\" class=\"wp-image-340\" srcset=\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/arduino-rtc-real-time-clock-display-lcd-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/arduino-rtc-real-time-clock-display-lcd-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/arduino-rtc-real-time-clock-display-lcd-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/arduino-rtc-real-time-clock-display-lcd.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Code: Arduino time with the Real Time Clock (RTC) and LCD <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-\">#include &lt;LiquidCrystal.h>\n\n\/\/ CONNECTIONS:\n\/\/ DS1307 SDA --> SDA\n\/\/ DS1307 SCL --> SCL\n\/\/ DS1307 VCC --> 5v\n\/\/ DS1307 GND --> GND\n\n\/* for software wire use below\n  #include &lt;SoftwareWire.h>  \/\/ must be included here so that Arduino library object file references work\n  #include &lt;RtcDS1307.h>\n\n  SoftwareWire myWire(SDA, SCL);\n  RtcDS1307&lt;SoftwareWire> Rtc(myWire);\n  for software wire use above *\/\n\n\/* for normal hardware wire use below *\/\n\n#include &lt;Wire.h> \/\/ must be included here so that Arduino library object file references work\n#include &lt;RtcDS1307.h>\nRtcDS1307&lt;TwoWire> Rtc(Wire);\n\/* for normal hardware wire use above *\/\n\nconst int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;\nLiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);\n\nvoid setup (){\n  lcd.begin(16, 2);\n\n  Serial.begin(57600);\n\n  Serial.print(\"compiled: \");\n  Serial.print(__DATE__);\n  Serial.println(__TIME__);\n\n  \/\/--------RTC SETUP ------------\n  \/\/ if you are using ESP-01 then uncomment the line below to reset the pins to\n  \/\/ the available pins for SDA, SCL\n  \/\/ Wire.begin(0, 2); \/\/ due to limited pins, use pin 0 and 2 for SDA, SCL\n\n  Rtc.Begin();\n\n  RtcDateTime compiled = RtcDateTime(__DATE__, __TIME__);\n  printDateTime(compiled);\n\n  if (!Rtc.IsDateTimeValid())\n  {\n    if (Rtc.LastError() != 0)\n    {\n      \/\/ we have a communications error\n      \/\/ see https:\/\/www.arduino.cc\/en\/Reference\/WireEndTransmission for\n      \/\/ what the number means\n      Serial.print(\"RTC communications error = \");\n      Serial.println(Rtc.LastError());\n    }\n    else\n    {\n      \/\/ Common Causes:\n      \/\/    1) first time you ran and the device wasn't running yet\n      \/\/    2) the battery on the device is low or even missing\n\n      Serial.println(\"RTC lost confidence in the DateTime!\");\n      \/\/ following line sets the RTC to the date &amp; time this sketch was compiled\n      \/\/ it will also reset the valid flag internally unless the Rtc device is\n      \/\/ having an issue\n\n      Rtc.SetDateTime(compiled);\n    }\n  }\n\n  if (!Rtc.GetIsRunning())\n  {\n    Serial.println(\"RTC was not actively running, starting now\");\n    Rtc.SetIsRunning(true);\n  }\n\n  RtcDateTime now = Rtc.GetDateTime();\n  if (now &lt; compiled)\n  {\n    Serial.println(\"RTC is older than compile time!  (Updating DateTime)\");\n    Rtc.SetDateTime(compiled);\n  }\n  else if (now > compiled)\n  {\n    Serial.println(\"RTC is newer than compile time. (this is expected)\");\n  }\n  else if (now == compiled)\n  {\n    Serial.println(\"RTC is the same as compile time! (not expected but all is fine)\");\n  }\n\n\n\n  \/\/ never assume the Rtc was last configured by you, so\n  \/\/ just clear them to your needed state\n  Rtc.SetSquareWavePin(DS1307SquareWaveOut_Low);\n}\n\nvoid loop ()\n{\n  Serial.print(\".\");\n  if (!Rtc.IsDateTimeValid())\n  {\n    if (Rtc.LastError() != 0)\n    {\n      \/\/ we have a communications error\n      \/\/ see https:\/\/www.arduino.cc\/en\/Reference\/WireEndTransmission for\n      \/\/ what the number means\n      Serial.print(\"RTC communications error = \");\n      Serial.println(Rtc.LastError());\n    }\n    else\n    {\n      \/\/ Common Causes:\n      \/\/    1) the battery on the device is low or even missing and the power line was disconnected\n      Serial.println(\"RTC lost confidence in the DateTime!\");\n    }\n  }\n\n  RtcDateTime now = Rtc.GetDateTime();\n\n  printDateTime(now);\n  lcdShowTime(now);\n\n\n  delay(1000); \/\/ ten seconds\n}\n\n#define countof(a) (sizeof(a) \/ sizeof(a[0]))\n\nvoid lcdShowTime(const RtcDateTime&amp; dt)\n{\n  char datestring[20];\n  char timestring[20];\n\n  snprintf_P(datestring,\n             countof(datestring),\n             PSTR(\"%02u.%02u.%04u\"),\n             dt.Day(),\n             dt.Month(),\n             dt.Year() );\n\n  snprintf_P(timestring,\n             countof(timestring),\n             PSTR(\"%02u:%02u:%02u\"),\n             dt.Hour(),\n             dt.Minute(),\n             dt.Second() );             \n\n  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);\n  lcd.print(timestring);\n\n  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);\n  lcd.print(datestring);\n}\n\nvoid printDateTime(const RtcDateTime&amp; dt)\n{\n  char datestring[20];\n\n  snprintf_P(datestring,\n             countof(datestring),\n             PSTR(\"%02u\/%02u\/%04u %02u:%02u:%02u\"),\n             dt.Month(),\n             dt.Day(),\n             dt.Year(),\n             dt.Hour(),\n             dt.Minute(),\n             dt.Second() );\n  Serial.print(datestring);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>You often need a time for a project. Maybe you want to build an alarm clock or time-controlled electronics. Then you look for the command with which you can read the time and find out that the Arduino board does not provide any time. WT*??? Yes, it is true but help is on the way&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/arduino-time-with-real-time-clock-rtc\/\" class=\"\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Arduino time with Real Time Clock (RTC)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":343,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tutorials"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Arduino time with Real Time Clock (RTC) \u2013 Time for everyone.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In this tutorial you will learn to use a real time clock module to teach Arduino the time. Circuits, code and explanation provided here:\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/arduino-time-with-real-time-clock-rtc\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Arduino time with Real Time Clock (RTC) \u2013 Time for everyone.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In this tutorial you will learn to use a real time clock module to teach Arduino the time. Circuits, code and explanation provided here:\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/arduino-time-with-real-time-clock-rtc\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"StartHardware - Tutorials for Arduino\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-01-07T11:32:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-01-07T11:32:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/arduino-rtc-real-time-clock-lcd-titel.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"675\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Stefan Hermann\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/\",\"name\":\"StartHardware - Tutorials for Arduino\",\"description\":\"Arduino, Electronics, Fun\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/arduino-time-with-real-time-clock-rtc\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/arduino-rtc-real-time-clock-lcd-titel.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/arduino-rtc-real-time-clock-lcd-titel.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":675,\"caption\":\"Arduino Real Time Clock (RTC) and Display LCD\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/arduino-time-with-real-time-clock-rtc\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/arduino-time-with-real-time-clock-rtc\/\",\"name\":\"Arduino time with Real Time Clock (RTC) \u2013 Time for everyone.\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/arduino-time-with-real-time-clock-rtc\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2020-01-07T11:32:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-01-07T11:32:30+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/starthardware.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/811b16fabcbfeef4210ea79cf0990a59\"},\"description\":\"In this tutorial you will learn to use a real time clock module to teach Arduino the time. 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